1. The longest era of the classification of the history of earth is --> Pre-Cambrian era
2. The most obvious effect of pressure on rocks is --> the reorientation of mineral crystals
3. The longest day (shortest night) in the southern hemisphere is --> December 22
4. The main watershed of most of the peninsular river lies in the --> Western Ghats
5. The longest epoch of the tertiary period is --> Eocene
6. The main percentage of the volume of water in the hydrosphere is in --> oceans and seas
7. The major countries of central America are --> Belize, Costa Rica, Panama
8. The mean radius of the earth is approximately --> 6,400 km
9. The moon orbits the earth at a mean distance approximately --> 0.384 million km
10. The mica belt of the Himalayas, the major part of it is situated in --> Bihar
11. The maximum soil fertility occurs in the pH range of --> 6.0 to 7.2
12. The major graphite producing country is --> China
13. The middle latitude extends between --> 23(1/2)? and 66? in both the hemispheres
14. The major control over the form of the developing slope is exerted by --> balance between inputs and outputs from the hill slope system
15.The mean distance of the earth from the sun is approximately --> 149,502,000 km
16. The most recent and logical concept regarding the origin of ocean basins and continents is that of --> continental data
17. The mountains which come into being after the continental drift started, with the break up of the large land mass of pangola are --> young mountains
18. The main objective of multi-purpose river projects are --> The low latitude zone of globe extends between
19. The lowest point, on land, in the world is --> Dead sea, Jordan/Israel
20. The most explosive type of volcano is --> the caldera
21. The mean basin area of successive ordered streams formed a linear relationship when graphed. This statement is given by --> law of basin areas
22. The magnetosphere becomes unstable during the magnetic storms during a period of --> main phase
23. The metamorphism which involves the chemical replacement of elements in rock minerals when gases and liquids permute into bedrock is called --> metasomatic metamorphism
24. The most important force that provide resistance to particles towards entertainment is --> frictional resistance
25. The main vegetation of the steppe type climatic regions is --> coniferous forests
26. The longest ship canal in the world is the --> St. Laurence Seaway (USA and Canada)
27. The luminous coloured ring, surrounding the sun is called the --> corona
28. The lowermost and the oldest epoch of the Tertiary Period of geologic time is --> Palaeocene
29. The minor planets revolving between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars are called --> Asteroids
30. The production of wheat has increased mainly due to --> increase in yield per hectare
31. The northern portion of the western coastal plain is called --> Konkan plain
32. The Palaeozoic era contains ____ time periods. --> 6
33. The rainfall in the peninsular interior averages about --> 650 mm a year
34. The process that creates the deep oceanic trenches is called --> plate tectonics
35. The points in the ecliptic farthest north and south of the celestial equator are called --> summer and winter solstices
36. The river Sutlej, on which the Bhakra Dam has been built, originates from --> Rakas lake in Tibet
37. The obscuring of one celestial body by another, particularly that of the sun or a planetary satellite --> eclipse
38. The process where the particle moves from the surface to the medium in quick, continuous, repeated cycles is called --> saltation
39. The rate at change of temperature is called --> temperature gradient
40. The ridges of the waves are where the jet stream of waves closes to the --> poles
41. The planets called the inner planets, are --> Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
42. The place where material is excavated when the zone of maximum stream velocity approaches the stream's bed is called --> scoured pools
43. The Rhine river of northern Europe empties into --> the North sea
44. The panama canal links --> North America with South America
45. The phosphate are a group of minerals of one or more metallic elements chemically associated with the phosphate compound ____ --> silicates
46. The process of soil development is called --> pedogenesis
47. The process that directs precipitation down plant branches and stems is called --> stem flow
48. The polar diameter is ____ to the equatorial diameter. --> less
49. The phosphate are a group of minerals of one or more metallic elements chemically associated with the phosphate compound ____ --> PO4
50. The ratio of land to ocean in the southern hemisphere is --> 1 to 4
51. The river Jordan drains into the --> Dead Sea
52. The planet with the maximum number of natural satellites (moons), so far discovered is --> Jupiter
53. The progressive wave theory regarding of tides was put forth by --> William Whewell
54. The percentage of sun's radiation reflected back into space is about --> 36%
55. The reaction between compounds and oxygen is called --> oxidation
56. The region that has a typical dispersed rural settlement pattern is the --> Kerala coastal plain
57. The religion of Afghanistan is --> Islam
58. The plants of which of the following crops are highly sensitive to frost? --> Cotton
59. The R-horizon of soil horizon consists of --> unweathered bedrock
60. The original landmass, pangola split into --> Laurissa in the north and Godwanaland in the south
61. The part of continental margin that is structurally a part of continent? --> Continental shelf, Continental Slope
62. The oldest rocks found in ocean basins are ____ than the oldest continental rocks. --> larger
63. The Plio-Pleistocene boundary lies about ____ years ago, at the beginning of the interval of warming after the last Pleistocene glaciations. --> 10,000
64. The periods of different eras are further divided into --> stages
65. The radiation belts are zones in space around the --> Earth, Jupiter and Saturn
66. The right ascension is the equivalent of longitude on the celestial sphere, and it is given in the units of --> time-hours, minutes and seconds
67. The number of a topographic map is 47A/16/NW. Its scale must be --> 1 : 25,000
68. The ozone layer at high altitude contains --> mixture of atomic oxygen (O), ordinary oxygen (O2) and Ozone (O3)
69. The process of particle detach ment by moving glacial ice is called --> plucking
70. The process that may cause physical weathering or mechanical rupture are --> abrasion, crystallization, pressure release
71. The plants grown in equatorial regions include --> evergreen dense forests, rubber trees, groundnuts
72. The reaction is carbonate and bicarbonate ions with mineral is called --> carbonation
73. The Palaeozoic era starts at ____ million years ago and ends at ____ million years ago. --> 570, 225
74. The process of destruction or dying of fronts is called --> frontolysis
75. The part of the earth and thin layer of air above its surface, which support life on earth, are referred to as --> biosphere
76. The products of ____ are a major source of sediments for erosion and ____ --> weathering, deposition
77. The planets that are called superior planets are --> Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto
78. The periodic rise and fall of the sea level on the earth, gives rise to tides. This is related to --> the position of the moon with reference to the earth and the gravitational pull exerted mainly by the moon and partly by the sun
79. The northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere are separated by --> the plane of the equator
80. The phenomenon of an opening occurring in the earth's surface through which a jet of hot water and steam is forces out at irregular intervals is called --> geyser
81. The polar Easterlies lie at --> 60-90? latitude
82. The ratio of the weight of water vapour to the total weight of air (including the water vapor) is called --> specific humidity
83. The process that creates a sub layer, which is white to gray in colour and composes of silica sand in the A horizon is called --> podsolosation
84. The region of three W's that is wheat, wool and wine is --> mediterranean climatic regions
85. The process that explains the recent changes in the height of sea level in coastal areas of eastern and northern Canada and Scandinavi is --> isostasy
86. The platform and the basement rock together form --> craton
87. The ocean water is saline due to --> evaporation of its surface, volume of fresh water added by rainfall
88. The process of evaporation of water in nature is one of the basic components of the hydrological cycle. The other process that is considered to be essential for the completion of hydrological cycle is the --> movement of water vapour in the atmosphere
89. The Pyrenees mountains are located on the border between ____ and ____ --> France, Spain
90. The original founders of Common wealth of Independent States, in December 1991, are --> Russia, Ukraine and Byelorus
